1312 - Piers Gaveston, Earl of Cornwall and favourite of King Edward II, is beheaded at Deddington at the instigation of the Earl of Warwick
1790 - The French Assembly abolishes hereditary nobility
1820 - Sir Joseph Banks, British botanist and explorer who made a round the world trip with Captain Cook, dies aged 77
1924 - British climber George Mallory, who wanted to climb Everest "because it's there'' disappears 1,000 ft (3O5 m) from the summit
1935 - The British government overrides the Treaty of Versailles signed at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 by agreeing to allow Germany a massive increase in its naval strength
1963 - In Britain, the contraceptive pill is made available to women free under the National Health Service.
1966 - Bal Thackeray changed the face of politics in Maharashtra when he founded Shiv Sena on this day.
1993 - Death of Sir William Golding, author of Lord of the Flies and The Spire, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature
1997 - An Indian cargo ship the M. V Arcadia Pride, sinks in inclement weather seven nautical miles off Colaba, Mumbai, leaving four sailors dead and 20 missing
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